fractalGasket

Create Sierpinski's Gasket fractal antenna on xy- plane

Since R2018b

Description

The fractalGasket object creates an equilateral triangle-shaped Sierpinski's Gasket fractal antenna. These fractals are used in building communications systems, wireless networks, universal tactic communications systems, mobile devices, telematics, and radio frequency identification (RFID) antennas.

A fractal antenna uses a self-similar design to maximize the length or increase the perimeter of a material that transmits or receives electromagnetic radiation within a given volume or area. The main advantage of fractal antennas is that they are compact, which is important requirement for small and complex circuits. Fractal antennas also have more input impedance or resistance due to increased length or perimeter.

All fractal antennas are printed structures that are etched on a dielectric substrate.

Creation

Syntax

ant = fractalGasket

ant = fractalGasket(Name,Value)

Description

ant = fractalGasket creates an equilateral triangle-shaped Sierpinski’s gasket fractal antenna. The default planar fractal antenna is in the shape of a bowtie which is center-fed. The antenna resonates at a frequency of 1.3 GHz.

ant = fractalGasket(Name,Value) sets properties using one or more name-value pairs. For example, ant = fractalGasket('NumIterations',4) creates a Sierpinski's Gasket with four iterations.

Properties

NumIterations — Number of iterations of fractal antenna

2 (default) | scalar integer

Number of iterations of the fractal antenna, specified as a scalar integer.

Example: 'NumIterations',2

Example: ant.NumIterations = 2

Data Types: double

Side — Lengths for three sides of triangle

0.2000 (default) | scalar | two-element vector | three-element vector

Lengths for three sides of the triangle, specified as a scalar in meters or a two- or three-element vector in meters.

• Scalar – The triangle is equilateral.

• Two-element vector – The first value specifies the base of the triangle along the x-axis. The second value specifies the other two sides of the triangle. The triangle is isosceles.

• Three-element vector – The first value specifies the base of the triangle along the x-axis. The remaining two values specify the other two sides of the triangle. The triangle is scalene.

Example: 'Side',[0.5000,1.000]

Example: ant.Side = [0.5000,1.000]

Data Types: double

NeckWidth — Width at neck of fractal antenna

0.0020 (default) | positive scalar integer

Width at the neck of the fractal antenna where the feed is located, specified as a positive scalar integer in meters.

Example: 'NeckWidth',0.0050

Example: ant.NeckWidth = 0.0050

Data Types: double

Conductor — Type of metal material

'PEC' (default) | metal object

Type of the metal used as a conductor, specified as a metal material object. You can choose any metal from the MetalCatalog or specify a metal of your choice. For more information, see metal. For more information on metal conductor meshing, see Meshing.

Example: m = metal('Copper'); 'Conductor',m

Example: m = metal('Copper'); ant.Conductor = m

Load — Lumped elements

[1x1 lumpedElement] (default) | lumped element object

Lumped elements added to the antenna feed, specified as a lumped element object. You can add a load anywhere on the surface of the antenna. By default, the load is at the origin. For more information, see lumpedElement.

Example: 'Load',lumpedelement. lumpedelement is the object for the load created using lumpedElement.

Example: ant.Load = lumpedElement('Impedance',75)

Tilt — Tilt angle of antenna

0 (default) | scalar | vector

Tilt angle of the antenna, specified as a scalar or vector with each element unit in degrees. For more information, see Rotate Antennas and Arrays.

Example: Tilt=90

Example: Tilt=[90 90],TiltAxis=[0 1 0;0 1 1] tilts the antenna at 90 degrees about the two axes defined by the vectors.

Note

The wireStack antenna object only accepts the dot method to change its properties.

Data Types: double

TiltAxis — Tilt axis of antenna

[1 0 0] (default) | three-element vector of Cartesian coordinates | two three-element vectors of Cartesian coordinates | 'X' | 'Y' | 'Z'

Tilt axis of the antenna, specified as:

• Three-element vector of Cartesian coordinates in meters. In this case, each coordinate in the vector starts at the origin and lies along the specified points on the X-, Y-, and Z-axes.

• Two points in space, each specified as three-element vectors of Cartesian coordinates. In this case, the antenna rotates around the line joining the two points in space.

• A string input describing simple rotations around one of the principal axes, 'X', 'Y', or 'Z'.

For more information, see Rotate Antennas and Arrays.

Example: TiltAxis=[0 1 0]

Example: TiltAxis=[0 0 0;0 1 0]

Example: TiltAxis = 'Z'

Data Types: double

Object Functions

show	Display antenna, array structures or shapes
axialRatio	Axial ratio of antenna
beamwidth	Beamwidth of antenna
charge	Charge distribution on antenna or array surface
current	Current distribution on antenna or array surface
design	Design prototype antenna or arrays for resonance around specified frequency
efficiency	Radiation efficiency of antenna
EHfields	Electric and magnetic fields of antennas; Embedded electric and magnetic fields of antenna element in arrays
impedance	Input impedance of antenna; scan impedance of array
mesh	Mesh properties of metal, dielectric antenna, or array structure
meshconfig	Change mesh mode of antenna structure
optimize	Optimize antenna or array using SADEA optimizer
pattern	Radiation pattern and phase of antenna or array; Embedded pattern of antenna element in array
patternAzimuth	Azimuth pattern of antenna or array
patternElevation	Elevation pattern of antenna or array
rcs	Calculate and plot radar cross section (RCS) of platform, antenna, or array
returnLoss	Return loss of antenna; scan return loss of array
sparameters	Calculate S-parameter for antenna and antenna array objects
vswr	Voltage standing wave ratio of antenna

Examples

Default Sierpinski's Gasket

Create and view a default fractal Sierpinski's Gasket.

ant = fractalGasket

ant = 
  fractalGasket with properties:

    NumIterations: 2
             Side: 0.2000
        NeckWidth: 0.0020
        Conductor: [1x1 metal]
             Tilt: 0
         TiltAxis: [1 0 0]
             Load: [1x1 lumpedElement]

show(ant)

Version History

Introduced in R2018b