bicone

Create biconical antenna

Description

The default bicone object creates a biconical antenna resonating around 2.3 GHz. A biconical antenna consists of two symmetrical or asymmetrical cones separated by a small gap. The feed spans the gap and connects both the cones.

Biconical antennas are broadband omnidirectional antennas used for electronic support measure (ESM) applications. Biconical antennas are often used in electromagnetic interference (EMI) testing for immunity testing or emissions testing.

Creation

Syntax

b = bicone

b = bicone(Name=Value)

Description

b = bicone creates a biconical antenna with default property values. The default dimensions are chosen for an operating frequency of around 2.3 GHz. The default biconical antenna has a feed point at the apex of the top cone.

b = bicone(Name=Value) sets properties using one or more name-value arguments. Name is the property name and Value is the corresponding value. You can specify several name-value arguments in any order as Name1=Value1,...,NameN=ValueN. Properties that you do not specify, retain their default values.

For example, b = bicone(Height=1) creates a biconical antenna with a cone of height 1 meter and default values for other properties.

Properties

ConeHeight — Vertical height of cones

0.0215 (default) | positive scalar | two-element vector

Vertical height of the cones, specified as a positive scalar in meters or a two-element vector with each element unit in meters. A scalar value creates two cones of the same height. The two-element vector can create two cones of different heights. In the two-element vector, the first element specifies the height of the top cone, and the second element specifies the height of the bottom cone.

Example: [0.0215 0.0315]

Data Types: double

NarrowRadius — Radius at apex of cones

0.0013 (default) | positive scalar | two-element vector

Radius at the apex of the cones, specified as a positive scalar in meters or a two-element vector with each element unit in meters. A scalar value creates two cones with the same narrow radius. A two-element vector can create two cones with different narrow radii. In the two-element vector, the first element specifies the narrow radius of the top cone, and the second element specifies the narrow radius of the bottom cone.

Example: [6.3300e-04 0.0546]

Data Types: double

BroadRadius — Radius at broad opening of cones

0.00385 (default) | positive scalar | two-element vector

Radius at the broad opening of the cones, specified as a positive scalar in meters or a two-element vector with each element unit in meters. A scalar value creates two cones with the same broad radius. A two-element vector can create two cones of different broad radii. In the two-element vector, the first element specifies the broad radius of the top cone, and the second element specifies the broad radius of the bottom cone.

Example: [8.3300e-04 0.0846]

Data Types: double

FeedHeight — Gap between two cones

3.1980e-04 (default) | positive scalar

Gap between the two cones, specified as a positive scalar in meters.

Example: 0.0034

Data Types: double

FeedWidth — Width of feed

4.2640e-04 (default) | positive scalar

Width of the feed, specified as a positive scalar in meters.

Example: 0.0050

Data Types: double

Conductor — Type of metal

metal("PEC") (default) | metal object

Type of the metal used as a conductor, specified as a metal object. You can choose any metal from the MetalCatalog or specify a metal of your choice. For more information on metal conductor meshing, see Meshing.

Example: metal("Copper")

Load — Lumped elements

[1x1 lumpedElement] (default) | lumpedElement object

Lumped elements added to the antenna feed, specified as a lumpedElement object. You can add a load anywhere on the surface of the antenna. By default, the load is at the feed.

Example: Load=lumpedElement(Impedance=75)

Example: antenna.Load = lumpedElement(Impedance=75)

Tilt — Tilt angle of antenna

0 (default) | scalar | vector

Tilt angle of the antenna in degrees, specified as a scalar or vector. For more information, see Rotate Antennas and Arrays.

Example: 90

Example: Tilt=[90 90],TiltAxis=[0 1 0;0 1 1] tilts the antenna at 90 degrees about the two axes defined by the vectors.

Data Types: double

TiltAxis — Tilt axis of antenna

[1 0 0] (default) | three-element vector | 2-by-3 matrix | "X" | "Y" | "Z"

Tilt axis of the antenna, specified as one of these values:

• Three-element vector of Cartesian coordinates in meters. In this case, each coordinate in the vector starts at the origin and lies along the specified points on the x-, y-, and z-axes.

• Two points in space, specified as a 2-by-3 matrix corresponding to two three-element vectors of Cartesian coordinates. In this case, the antenna rotates around the line joining the two points.

• "x", "y", or "z" to describe a rotation about the x-, y-, or z-axis, respectively.

For more information, see Rotate Antennas and Arrays.

Example: [0 1 0]

Example: [0 0 0;0 1 0]

Example: "Z"

Data Types: double | string

Object Functions

axialRatio	Calculate and plot axial ratio of antenna or array
bandwidth	Calculate and plot absolute bandwidth of antenna or array
beamwidth	Beamwidth of antenna
charge	Charge distribution on antenna or array surface
coneangle2size	Calculates equivalent cone height, broad radius, and narrow radius
current	Current distribution on antenna or array surface
design	Design prototype antenna or arrays for resonance around specified frequency or create AI-based antenna from antenna catalog objects
efficiency	Calculate and plot radiation efficiency of antenna or array
EHfields	Electric and magnetic fields of antennas or embedded electric and magnetic fields of antenna element in arrays
feedCurrent	Calculate current at feed for antenna or array
impedance	Calculate and plot input impedance of antenna or scan impedance of array
info	Display information about antenna, array, or platform
memoryEstimate	Estimate memory required to solve antenna or array mesh
mesh	Mesh properties of metal, dielectric antenna, or array structure
meshconfig	Change meshing mode of antenna, array, custom antenna, custom array, or custom geometry
msiwrite	Write antenna or array analysis data to MSI planet file
optimize	Optimize antenna or array using SADEA optimizer
pattern	Plot radiation pattern and phase of antenna or array or embedded pattern of antenna element in array
patternAzimuth	Azimuth plane radiation pattern of antenna or array
patternElevation	Elevation plane radiation pattern of antenna or array
peakRadiation	Calculate and mark maximum radiation points of antenna or array on radiation pattern
rcs	Calculate and plot monostatic and bistatic radar cross section (RCS) of platform, antenna, or array
resonantFrequency	Calculate and plot resonant frequency of antenna
returnLoss	Calculate and plot return loss of antenna or scan return loss of array
show	Display antenna, array structures, shapes, or platform
sparameters	Calculate S-parameters for antenna or array
stlwrite	Write mesh information to STL file
vswr	Calculate and plot voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of antenna or array element

Examples

Default Bicone Antenna and Radiation Pattern

Create and view a default bicone antenna.

ant = bicone

ant = 
  bicone with properties:

      ConeHeight: 0.0215
    NarrowRadius: 0.0013
     BroadRadius: 0.0385
      FeedHeight: 5.0000e-04
       FeedWidth: 1.0000e-03
       Conductor: [1x1 metal]
            Tilt: 0
        TiltAxis: [1 0 0]
            Load: [1x1 lumpedElement]

show(ant)

Plot the radiation pattern of the antenna at 2.3 GHz.

pattern(ant,2.3e9)

Impedance of Bicone Antenna with Asymmetrical Cones

Create a bicone antenna with asymmetrical cones.

ant = bicone(NarrowRadius=[2e-3 4e-3], BroadRadius=[44.7e-3,60e-3],...
     ConeHeight=[33.7e-3 40e-3], FeedHeight=1e-3, FeedWidth=2e-3)

ant = 
  bicone with properties:

      ConeHeight: [0.0337 0.0400]
    NarrowRadius: [0.0020 0.0040]
     BroadRadius: [0.0447 0.0600]
      FeedHeight: 1.0000e-03
       FeedWidth: 0.0020
       Conductor: [1x1 metal]
            Tilt: 0
        TiltAxis: [1 0 0]
            Load: [1x1 lumpedElement]

show(ant)

Calculate the impedance of the antenna over the frequency span of 500 MHz - 5 GHz.

impedance(ant,linspace(0.5e9,5e9,51));

References

[1] Kudpik, Rapin & Komask Meksamoot, Nipapon Siripon, and Sompol Kosulvit. "Design of a Compact Biconical Antenna for UWB Applications." 10.1109/ISPACS.2011.6146212.

Version History

Introduced in R2019b