how do I make a temperature data matrix as sparse matrix

I cannot convert the temperature data matrix as a sparse matrix.Below is the glimpse of the matrix.

YEAR  JAN  FEB  MAR  APR  MAY  JUN  JUL  AUG  SEP  OCT  NOV  DEC

1901  22.4  24.14  29.07  31.91  33.41  33.18  31.21  30.39  30.47  29.97  27.31  24.49
1902  24.93  26.58  29.77  31.78  33.73  32.91  30.92  30.73  29.8  29.12  26.31  24.04
1903  23.44  25.03  27.83  31.39  32.91  33  31.34  29.98  29.85  29.04  26.08  23.65
1904  22.5  24.73  28.21  32.02  32.64  32.07  30.36  30.09  30.04  29.2  26.36  23.63
1905  22  22.83  26.68  30.01  33.32  33.25  31.44  30.68  30.12  30.67  27.52  23.82
1906  22.28  23.69  27.31  31.93  34.11  32.19  31.01  30.3  29.92  29.55  27.6  24.72
1907  24.46  24.01  27.04  31.79  32.68  31.92  31.05  29.58  30.67  29.87  27.78  24.44
1908  23.57  25.26  28.86  32.42  33.02  33.12  30.61  29.55  29.59  29.35  26.88  23.73
1909  22.67  24.36  29.22  30.79  33.06  31.7  29.81  29.81  30.06  29.25  27.69  23.69
1910  23.24  25.16  28.48  31.42  33.51  31.84  30.42  29.86  29.82  28.91  26.32  23.37
1911  23.22  24.58  27.04  31.27  33.78  32.23  31.44  30.8  30.1  29.43  25.7  23.71
1912  23.7  26.07  28.7  31.29  33.3  33.18  31.05  30.18  30.19  29.64  26.37  23.7
1913  23.71  24.79  27.62  32.02  33.07  32.23  30.65  30.48  30.33  29.42  26.28  23.56
1914  24.42  24.77  28.01  30.96  33.23  32.67  30.55  29.96  30.19  28.63  26.75  23.82
1915  22.6  23.84  27.62  31.36  34.2  33.1  31.52  30.79  30.79  30.08  27.62  23.78

[John D'Errico]

Why do you think this should be a sparse matrix? It makes absolutely NO sense to represent this in sparse form.

[KAKOLI DEY]

reconstruction on environment data set is my work . temperature data have spatio temporal correlation ,means a very small variation within a time frame and within two consecutive nodes so forms a sparse structure.You may gone through the below paper http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6642025/

[John D'Errico]

Sorry. That is an abstract. To read the full paper, we need to pay real money for it.

You are asking for help. If you force someone to not only read a full paper to have some idea what you are talking about, but to pay for access to that paper? Just to help you for free? Be serious.

Either make the effort to explain what your problem is, or find a consultant, where you will pay for their services. Or learn MATLAB.

Answer 1

[John D'Errico]

data = [1901  22.4  24.14  29.07  31.91  33.41  33.18  31.21  30.39  30.47  29.97  27.31  24.49
1902  24.93  26.58  29.77  31.78  33.73  32.91  30.92  30.73  29.8  29.12  26.31  24.04
1903  23.44  25.03  27.83  31.39  32.91  33  31.34  29.98  29.85  29.04  26.08  23.65
1904  22.5  24.73  28.21  32.02  32.64  32.07  30.36  30.09  30.04  29.2  26.36  23.63
1905  22  22.83  26.68  30.01  33.32  33.25  31.44  30.68  30.12  30.67  27.52  23.82
1906  22.28  23.69  27.31  31.93  34.11  32.19  31.01  30.3  29.92  29.55  27.6  24.72
1907  24.46  24.01  27.04  31.79  32.68  31.92  31.05  29.58  30.67  29.87  27.78  24.44
1908  23.57  25.26  28.86  32.42  33.02  33.12  30.61  29.55  29.59  29.35  26.88  23.73
1909  22.67  24.36  29.22  30.79  33.06  31.7  29.81  29.81  30.06  29.25  27.69  23.69
1910  23.24  25.16  28.48  31.42  33.51  31.84  30.42  29.86  29.82  28.91  26.32  23.37
1911  23.22  24.58  27.04  31.27  33.78  32.23  31.44  30.8  30.1  29.43  25.7  23.71
1912  23.7  26.07  28.7  31.29  33.3  33.18  31.05  30.18  30.19  29.64  26.37  23.7
1913  23.71  24.79  27.62  32.02  33.07  32.23  30.65  30.48  30.33  29.42  26.28  23.56
1914  24.42  24.77  28.01  30.96  33.23  32.67  30.55  29.96  30.19  28.63  26.75  23.82
1915  22.6  23.84  27.62  31.36  34.2  33.1  31.52  30.79  30.79  30.08  27.62  23.78];

temp = data(:,2:end);
year = data(:,1);
months = 1:12;
surf(months,year,temp)

A sparse matrix is absolute nonsense here.