Let's start out by labeling the points whose coordinates are given in the Vertices array.
v = [0 0 0; 1 0 0; 1 1 0; 0 1 0; 0 0 1; 1 0 1; 1 1 1; 0 1 1];
text(v(:, 1), v(:, 2), v(:, 3), string(1:8))
Since the points are in 3-dimensional space let's view the axes with a 3-D view.
view(3)
Now let's show just one of the faces.
hold on
face1 = [1 2 6 5];
P1 = patch(v(face1, 1), v(face1, 2), v(face1, 3), 'r');
The face1 vector indicates that this face is made up of points 1, 2, 6, and 5 in that order. [Connecting them in order [1 2 5 6] would make a different shape.] So the red patch has as its vertices points 1, 2, 6, and 5. Let's draw another face, but this time not a rectangle.
face2 = [8 7 5];
P2 = patch(v(face2, 1), v(face2, 2), v(face2, 3), 'c');
The cyan triangle has as its vertices points 8, 7, and 5.
Now look at the XData, YData, and ZData properties of the patch P1. Compare with the first columns of the x-coordinates, y-coordinates, and z-coordinates matrices shown in the documentation. Those are just the coordinates of the vertices 1, 2, 6, and 5. You could build a similar matrix (though with three rows, not four, since it only has three vertices) using the triangular patch P2 if you wanted to practice your understanding.
