error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public: __thiscall Matrix::Matrix(void)

I try to MEX a C++ file( with extension .cc) in MATLAB 2013b, compiler Visual Studio 2012 professional, OS 32-bit Windows, I take below errors ;

 if true
correspondPixels.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public:     __thiscall Matrix::Matrix(void)" (??0Matrix@@QAE@XZ) referenced in function _mexFunction 
correspondPixels.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public: __thiscall Matrix::Matrix(int,int,double *)" (??0Matrix@@QAE@HHPAN@Z) referenced in function _mexFunction 
correspondPixels.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public: __thiscall Matrix::~Matrix(void)" (??1Matrix@@QAE@XZ) referenced in function _mexFunction 
correspondPixels.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public: int __thiscall Matrix::numel(void)const " (?numel@Matrix@@QBEHXZ) referenced in function _mexFunction 
correspondPixels.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public: double * __thiscall Matrix::data(void)" (?data@Matrix@@QAEPANXZ) referenced in function _mexFunction 
correspondPixels.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "double __cdecl matchEdgeMaps(class Matrix const &,class Matrix const &,double,double,class Matrix &,class Matrix &)" (?matchEdgeMaps@@YANABVMatrix@@0NNAAV1@1@Z) referenced in function _mexFunction 
correspondPixels.mexw32 : fatal error LNK1120: 6 unresolved externals
C:\PROGRA~1\MATLAB\R2013B\BIN\MEX.PL: Error: Link of 'correspondPixels.mexw32' failed
 end

I searched similar errors and try to apply some advising solutions but no-one helps me. Maybe there is an declared constructor but undefined function or unimplemented ones? Maybe due to a missing .dll file? I am familiar with MATLAB more. not much C++. Is there any solution idea?

Answer 1

[Walter Roberson]

Class Matrix is not a standard C++ class; it is also not part of the common add-on "Boost".

Possibly it is derived from the book Vectors, Matrices and C++ Code by Sergio Pissanetzky

Answer 2

[doner_t]

Thank you Walter. So due to the Class Matrix is not a standard C++ class, should I create some .dll or .lib and maybe .h files using MATLAB compiler, like doing here ?

Regards,

Here is a part of very large Matrix.cc

...
Matrix::Matrix () 
{
    _alloc(0,0,undef);
}

Matrix::Matrix (int sz, FillType type) 
{
    sz = std::max(0,sz);
    _alloc(sz,sz,type);
}

Matrix::Matrix (int rows, int cols, FillType type) 
{
    rows = std::max(0,rows);
    cols = std::max(0,cols);
    _alloc(rows,cols,type);
}

Matrix::Matrix (const Matrix& that) 
{
    _alloc(that._rows,that._cols,undef);
    *this = that;
}

Matrix::Matrix (int rows, int cols, double* data) 
{
    _rows = std::max(0,rows);
    _cols = std::max(0,cols);
    _data = data;
    _wrapped = true;
}

Matrix::~Matrix () 
{
    _delete();
}
...

And here again a part is Matrix.hh

      ...
      // construct empty matrix
      Matrix ();
    
      //Matrix::Matrix(void); 
    
      // construct square matrix with specified fill
      Matrix (int sz, FillType type = zeros);

      // construct matrix with specified fill
      Matrix (int rows, int cols, FillType type = zeros);

      // copy constructor
      Matrix (const Matrix& that);

      // create a wrapped matrix 
      // (i.e. we're not responsible for freeing the data)
      Matrix (int rows, int cols, double* data);

      // destructor
      ~Matrix ();
     ...

And here is whole correspondPixels.cc

        #include <string.h>
        #include <mex.h>
        #include "Matrix.hh"
        #include "csa.hh"
        #include "match.hh"

        extern "C" {

        static const double maxDistDefault = 0.0075;
        static const double outlierCostDefault = 100;

        void 
        mexFunction (
            int nlhs, mxArray* plhs[],
            int nrhs, const mxArray* prhs[])
        {
            // check number of arguments
            if (nlhs < 2) {
                mexErrMsgTxt("Too few output arguments.");
            }
            if (nlhs > 4) {
                mexErrMsgTxt("Too many output arguments.");
            }
            if (nrhs < 2) {
                mexErrMsgTxt("Too few input arguments.");
            }
            if (nrhs > 4) {
                mexErrMsgTxt("Too many input arguments.");
            }

            // get arguments
            double* bmap1 = mxGetPr(prhs[0]);
            double* bmap2 = mxGetPr(prhs[1]);
            const double maxDist = 
                (nrhs>2) ? mxGetScalar(prhs[2]) : maxDistDefault;
            const double outlierCost = 
                (nrhs>3) ? mxGetScalar(prhs[3]) : outlierCostDefault;

            // check arguments
            if (mxGetM(prhs[0]) != mxGetM(prhs[1]) 
                || mxGetN(prhs[0]) != mxGetN(prhs[1])) {
                mexErrMsgTxt("bmap1 and bmap2 must be the same size");
            }
            if (maxDist < 0) {
                mexErrMsgTxt("maxDist must be >= 0");
            }
            if (outlierCost <= 1) {
                mexErrMsgTxt("outlierCost must be >1");
            }

            // do the computation
            const int rows = mxGetM(prhs[0]);
            const int cols = mxGetN(prhs[0]);
            const double idiag = sqrt( (double)(rows*rows + cols*cols));
            const double oc = outlierCost*maxDist*idiag;
            Matrix m1, m2;
            const double cost = matchEdgeMaps(
                Matrix(rows,cols,bmap1), Matrix(rows,cols,bmap2),
                maxDist*idiag, oc,
                m1, m2);

            // set output arguments
            plhs[0] = mxCreateDoubleMatrix(rows, cols, mxREAL);
            plhs[1] = mxCreateDoubleMatrix(rows, cols, mxREAL);
            double* match1 = mxGetPr(plhs[0]);
            double* match2 = mxGetPr(plhs[1]);
            memcpy(match1,m1.data(),m1.numel()*sizeof(double));
            memcpy(match2,m2.data(),m2.numel()*sizeof(double));
            if (nlhs > 2) { plhs[2] = mxCreateDoubleScalar(cost); }
            if (nlhs > 3) { plhs[3] = mxCreateDoubleScalar(oc); }
        }

        }; // extern "C"

[Walter Roberson]

You could probably just mex everything together, but more common would be to compile the Matrix stuff into a shared library and use a -l switch on the mex command line to link in the library.

[doner_t]

There is such an build.m file: I think that it try to mex files all together as you said.

%mex -v CXXFLAGS="\$CXXFLAGS -O3 -DNOBLAS" correspondPixels.cc csa.cc kofn.cc match.cc Exception.cc Matrix.cc Random.cc String.cc Timer.cc
 mex -v CXXFLAGS="\$CXXFLAGS -O3 -DNOBLAS" correspondPixels.cc csa.cc kofn.cc match.cc Exception.cc Matrix.cc Random.cc String.cc

When I directly run the above build.m file, returns some errors about the Matrix.hh and Random.hh seen below:

    Error using mex
    Matrix.cc
    c:\users\downloads\deneme_bench_nok\deneme\bench\source\Random.hh(65) : error
    C4430: missing type specifier - int assumed. Note: C++ does not support default-int
    c:\users\downloads\deneme_bench_nok\deneme\bench\source\Random.hh(65) : error
    C2146: syntax error : missing ';' before identifier 'u_int32_max'
    c:\users\downloads\deneme_bench_nok\deneme\bench\source\Random.hh(65) : error
    C2143: syntax error : missing ';' before '='
    c:\users\downloads\deneme_bench_nok\deneme\bench\source\Random.hh(65) : error
    C2238: unexpected token(s) preceding ';'
    c:\users\downloads\deneme_bench_nok\deneme\bench\source\Random.hh(72) : error
    C2061: syntax error : identifier 'u_int64_t'
    c:\users\downloads\deneme_bench_nok\deneme\bench\source\Random.hh(72) : error
    C2535: 'Random::Random(void)' : member function already defined or declared
            c:\users\downloads\deneme_bench_nok\deneme\bench\source\Random.hh(68) : see
            declaration of 'Random::Random'
    c:\users\downloads\deneme_bench_nok\deneme\bench\source\Random.hh(82) : error
    C2061: syntax error : identifier 'u_int64_t'
    c:\users\downloads\deneme_bench_nok\deneme\bench\source\Random.hh(93) : error
    C2146: syntax error : missing ';' before identifier 'ui32'
    c:\users\downloads\deneme_bench_nok\deneme\bench\source\Random.hh(93) : error
    C2433: 'Random::u_int32_t' : 'inline' not permitted on data declarations
    c:\users\downloads\deneme_bench_nok\deneme\bench\source\Random.hh(93) : error
    C4430: missing type specifier - int assumed. Note: C++ does not support default-int
    c:\users\downloads\deneme_bench_nok\deneme\bench\source\Random.hh(93) : warning
    C4183: 'ui32': missing return type; assumed to be a member function returning 'int'
    c:\users\downloads\deneme_bench_nok\deneme\bench\source\Random.hh(94) : error
    C2146: syntax error : missing ';' before identifier 'ui32'
    c:\users\downloads\deneme_bench_nok\deneme\bench\source\Random.hh(94) : error
    C2433: 'Random::u_int32_t' : 'inline' not permitted on data declarations
    c:\users\downloads\deneme_bench_nok\deneme\bench\source\Random.hh(94) : error
    C4430: missing type specifier - int assumed. Note: C++ does not support default-int
    c:\users\downloads\deneme_bench_nok\deneme\bench\source\Random.hh(94) : error
    C2061: syntax error : identifier 'u_int32_t'
    c:\users\downloads\deneme_bench_nok\deneme\bench\source\Random.hh(94) : error
    C2535: 'int Random::ui32(void)' : member function already defined or declared
            c:\users\downloads\deneme_bench_nok\deneme\bench\source\Random.hh(93) : see
            declaration of 'Random::ui32'
    c:\users\downloads\deneme_bench_nok\deneme\bench\source\Random.hh(94) : warning
    C4183: 'ui32': missing return type; assumed to be a member function returning 'int'
    c:\users\downloads\deneme_bench_nok\deneme\bench\source\Random.hh(98) : error
    C2061: syntax error : identifier 'u_int64_t'
    c:\users\downloads\deneme_bench_nok\deneme\bench\source\Random.hh(101) : error
    C2146: syntax error : missing ';' before identifier '_seed'
    c:\users\downloads\deneme_bench_nok\deneme\bench\source\Random.hh(101) : error
    C4430: missing type specifier - int assumed. Note: C++ does not support default-int
    c:\users\downloads\deneme_bench_nok\deneme\bench\source\Random.hh(104) : error
    C2146: syntax error : missing ';' before identifier '_xsubi'
    c:\users\downloads\deneme_bench_nok\deneme\bench\source\Random.hh(104) : error
    C4430: missing type specifier - int assumed. Note: C++ does not support default-int
    c:\users\downloads\deneme_bench_nok\deneme\bench\source\Random.hh(109) : error
    C2143: syntax error : missing ';' before 'Random::ui32'
    c:\users\downloads\deneme_bench_nok\deneme\bench\source\Random.hh(109) : error
    C2433: 'u_int32_t' : 'inline' not permitted on data declarations
    c:\users\downloads\deneme_bench_nok\deneme\bench\source\Random.hh(109) : error
    C4430: missing type specifier - int assumed. Note: C++ does not support default-int
    c:\users\downloads\deneme_bench_nok\deneme\bench\source\Random.hh(110) : error
    C4430: missing type specifier - int assumed. Note: C++ does not support default-int
    c:\users\downloads\deneme_bench_nok\deneme\bench\source\Random.hh(111) : error
    C2065: 'u_int32_max' : undeclared identifier
    c:\users\downloads\deneme_bench_nok\deneme\bench\source\Random.hh(111) : error
    C2660: 'Random::ui32' : function does not take 2 arguments
    c:\users\downloads\deneme_bench_nok\deneme\bench\source\Random.hh(115) : error
    C2143: syntax error : missing ';' before 'Random::ui32'
    c:\users\downloads\deneme_bench_nok\deneme\bench\source\Random.hh(115) : error
    C2433: 'u_int32_t' : 'inline' not permitted on data declarations
    c:\users\downloads\deneme_bench_nok\deneme\bench\source\Random.hh(115) : error
    C4430: missing type specifier - int assumed. Note: C++ does not support default-int
    c:\users\downloads\deneme_bench_nok\deneme\bench\source\Random.hh(115) : error
    C2086: 'int u_int32_t' : redefinition
            c:\users\downloads\deneme_bench_nok\deneme\bench\source\Random.hh(109) :
            see declaration of 'u_int32_t'
    c:\users\downloads\deneme_bench_nok\deneme\bench\source\Random.hh(115) : error
    C2146: syntax error : missing ')' before identifier 'a'
    c:\users\downloads\deneme_bench_nok\deneme\bench\source\Random.hh(115) : error
    C2761: 'int Random::ui32(void)' : member function redeclaration not allowed
    c:\users\downloads\deneme_bench_nok\deneme\bench\source\Random.hh(115) : error
    C2059: syntax error : ')'
    c:\users\downloads\deneme_bench_nok\deneme\bench\source\Random.hh(116) : error
    C2143: syntax error : missing ';' before '{'
    c:\users\downloads\deneme_bench_nok\deneme\bench\source\Random.hh(116) : error
    C2447: '{' : missing function header (old-style formal list?)
    C:\Users\Downloads\deneme_Bench_NOK\deneme\bench\source\Matrix.cc(114) : error
    C4430: missing type specifier - int assumed. Note: C++ does not support default-int
    C:\Users\Downloads\deneme_Bench_NOK\deneme\bench\source\Matrix.cc(114) : error
    C2146: syntax error : missing ';' before identifier '_qnan'
    C:\Users\Downloads\deneme_Bench_NOK\deneme\bench\source\Matrix.cc(114) : warning
    C4305: 'initializing' : truncation from '__int64' to 'int'
    C:\Users\Downloads\deneme_Bench_NOK\deneme\bench\source\Matrix.cc(114) : warning
    C4309: 'initializing' : truncation of constant value
    C:\Users\Downloads\deneme_Bench_NOK\deneme\bench\source\Matrix.cc(115) : error
    C4430: missing type specifier - int assumed. Note: C++ does not support default-int
    C:\Users\Downloads\deneme_Bench_NOK\deneme\bench\source\Matrix.cc(115) : error
    C2146: syntax error : missing ';' before identifier '_snan'
    C:\Users\Downloads\deneme_Bench_NOK\deneme\bench\source\Matrix.cc(115) : error
    C2086: 'const int u_int64_t' : redefinition
            C:\Users\Downloads\deneme_Bench_NOK\deneme\bench\source\Matrix.cc(114) :
            see declaration of 'u_int64_t'
    C:\Users\Downloads\deneme_Bench_NOK\deneme\bench\source\Matrix.cc(115) : warning
    C4305: 'initializing' : truncation from '__int64' to 'int'
    C:\Users\Downloads\deneme_Bench_NOK\deneme\bench\source\Matrix.cc(115) : warning
    C4309: 'initializing' : truncation of constant value
    C:\Users\Downloads\deneme_Bench_NOK\deneme\bench\source\Matrix.cc(116) : error
    C4430: missing type specifier - int assumed. Note: C++ does not support default-int
    C:\Users\Downloads\deneme_Bench_NOK\deneme\bench\source\Matrix.cc(116) : error
    C2146: syntax error : missing ';' before identifier '_inf'
    C:\Users\Downloads\deneme_Bench_NOK\deneme\bench\source\Matrix.cc(116) : error
    C2086: 'const int u_int64_t' : redefinition
            C:\Users\Downloads\deneme_Bench_NOK\deneme\bench\source\Matrix.cc(114) :
            see declaration of 'u_int64_t'
    C:\Users\Downloads\deneme_Bench_NOK\deneme\bench\source\Matrix.cc(116) : warning
    C4305: 'initializing' : truncation from '__int64' to 'int'
    C:\Users\Downloads\deneme_Bench_NOK\deneme\bench\source\Matrix.cc(116) : warning
    C4309: 'initializing' : truncation of constant value
    C:\Users\Downloads\deneme_Bench_NOK\deneme\bench\source\Matrix.cc(127) : warning
    C4273: 'rint' : inconsistent dll linkage
            C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\INCLUDE\math.h(515) : see
            previous definition of 'rint'
    C:\Users\Downloads\deneme_Bench_NOK\deneme\bench\source\Matrix.cc(142) : warning
    C4273: 'log2' : inconsistent dll linkage
            C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\INCLUDE\math.h(504) : see
            previous definition of 'log2'