Here's an example with non-realistic data (because I didn't feel like reverse engineering and reproducing the code you ran to generate all the variables you're using in the plots, so I just made up some random data), but maybe it gets the point across:
% random data:
n_pts = 10;
x = repmat(1:4,1,n_pts).';
y = rand(size(x,1),2);
color = [0.8 0 0; 0.5 0.2 0];
y_SEM = rand(4,2);
SEM = 0.002*rand(4,2);
figure
% subplot(1,2,2)
h=bar([mean(y(x==1,:));mean(y(x==2,:));mean(y(x==3,:));mean(y(x==4,:))]);
hold on
h(1).FaceColor= color(1,:);
h(2).FaceColor= color(2,:);
hold on
ngroups = size(y_SEM, 1); % y_SEM is avg arranged as single means
nbars = size(y_SEM, 2);
% Calculating the width for each bar group
groupwidth = min(0.8, nbars/(nbars + 1.5));
for i = 1:nbars
a = (1:ngroups) - groupwidth/2 + (2*i-1) * groupwidth / (2*nbars);
errorbar(a, y_SEM(:,i),SEM(:,i), 'k', 'linestyle', 'none','LineWidth',2);
end
hold on
ylabel('Average Economic Performance')
hold on
set(gca, 'Color', 'None')
hold on
% x = t.x;
hold on
% scatter(repmat(h(2).XEndPoints(1), sum(x==1),1), y(x==1,2),15,"black",'x','MarkerEdgeColor','k','XJitter','randn','XJitterWidth',.2)
% scatter(repmat(h(2).XEndPoints(2), sum(x==2),1), y(x==2,2),15,"black",'x','MarkerEdgeColor','k','XJitter','randn','XJitterWidth',.2)
% scatter(repmat(h(2).XEndPoints(3), sum(x==3),1), y(x==3,2),15,"black",'x','MarkerEdgeColor','k','XJitter','randn','XJitterWidth',.2)
% scatter(repmat(h(2).XEndPoints(4), sum(x==4),1), y(x==4,2),15,"black",'x','MarkerEdgeColor','k','XJitter','randn','XJitterWidth',.2)
% hold on
% scatter(repmat(h(1).XEndPoints(1), sum(x==1),1), y(x==1,1),15,"black",'x','MarkerEdgeColor','k','XJitter','randn','XJitterWidth',.2)
% scatter(repmat(h(1).XEndPoints(2), sum(x==2),1), y(x==2,1),15,"black",'x','MarkerEdgeColor','k','XJitter','randn','XJitterWidth',.2)
% scatter(repmat(h(1).XEndPoints(3), sum(x==3),1), y(x==3,1),15,"black",'x','MarkerEdgeColor','k','XJitter','randn','XJitterWidth',.2)
% scatter(repmat(h(1).XEndPoints(4), sum(x==4),1), y(x==4,1),15,"black",'x','MarkerEdgeColor','k','XJitter','randn','XJitterWidth',.2)
% instead of scatter plots, make lines (i.e., connect what would
% be the scattered markers with line segments).
% also, use the underlying variables instead of properties of the graphics
% objects (i.e., bars in this case) that were created from those variables.
for ii = 1:n_pts
idx = (ii-1)*4+(1:4);
line( ...
'Parent',gca(), ...
'XData',x(idx)-0.15, ...
'YData',y(idx,1), ...
'Color',color(1,:), ...
'Marker','x', ...
'MarkerEdgeColor','k');
line( ...
'Parent',gca(), ...
'XData',x(idx)+0.15, ...
'YData',y(idx,2), ...
'Color',color(2,:), ...
'Marker','x', ...
'MarkerEdgeColor','k');
end
% ylim([0.2,1])
ylabel('Economic performance','FontName','Times New Roman','FontSize',10)
hold on
set(gca,'xticklabel',1:4,'FontName','Times New Roman','FontSize',10)
hold on
xlabel('Condition','FontName','Times New Roman','FontSize',10)
hold on
box off
