IEEE 754 binary representation

Converts a double into its underlying 64-bit representation, including sign, exponent, and mantissa.

[S,E,F] = IEEE754(X) returns the sign bit, exponent, and mantissa of an IEEE 754 floating point value X, expressed as binary digit strings of length 1, 11, and 52, respectively.

X is equal to (in exact arithmetic and decimal notation)

(-1)^S * (1 + F/(2^52)) * 2^(E-1023),

except for special values 0, Inf, NaN, and denormalized numbers (between 0 and REALMIN).