Why do i get "Error using vertcat Dimensions of arrays being concatenated are not consistent" while using fmincon to do nonlinear optimization

i am currently working on a fmincon codes about power optimization with non linear constraints.

i have met this error. However, as i searched, it seems appear for error in matrix calculation. there really isnt matrix calcualtion in my codes

"Error using vertcat Dimensions of arrays being concatenated are not consistent"

Below are my codes

%% Define Objective Function

ai = 1;
bi = 1;
ci = 1;
di = 1;
ei = 1;

fun = @(x) ai*x(1) + bi*x(2) + ci*x(3) + di*x(4) + ei*x(5)

function  Impedance= Z(R,L,C)
    w = 3.141592653589793e+02;
    Impedance = R+L*w*j-C*w*j;
end

function PAngle = Pangle(P,Q)
    PAngle = atan(Q/P);
end

function ZAngle = Zangle(Z)
    ZAngle = atan( (imag(Z)/j) /(real(Z)));
end

%% Set Parameters for fmincon
A = [];
b = [];
Aeq = [];
beq = [];
lb = [0,0,0,0,0];
ub = [inf,inf,inf,inf,inf]; 
%% Provide Initial Point for fmincon%
x0 = zeros(5,1);
%% Define Nonlinear Constraints
nonlcon = @(x)power(x);
%% Set Parameters for fmincon and Call fmincon
%options = optimoptions('fmincon','Algorithm','sqp');
%[x,fval] = fmincon(@(x)fun(x),x0,A,b,Aeq,beq,lb,ub,nonlcon,options);
[x,fval] = fmincon(@(x)fun(x),x0,A,b,Aeq,beq,lb,ub,nonlcon);

function [c,ceq] = power(x)
Z12 = Z(88e-3,130e-6,0);
Z15 = Z(13e-3,280e-6,0);
Z35 = Z(78e-3,50e-3,0);
Z45 = Z(29e-3,467e-6,0);
Z6 = Z(30e-3,147e-6,0);

w = 3.141592653589793e+02;

Y12 = 1/Z12;
Y15 = 1/Z15;
Y35 = 1/Z35;
Y45 = 1/Z45;
Y6 = 1/Z6;

Ym = [Y15+Y12 -Y12 0 0 -Y15 0;
     -Y12 Y12 0 0 0 0;
      0 0 Y35 0 -Y35 0;
     0 0 0 Y45 -Y45 0;
    -Y15 0 -Y35 -Y45 Y15+Y35+Y45+Y6 -Y6;
    0 0 0 0 -Y6 Y6;
      ];

Gm = real(Ym);
Bm = imag(Ym)*j;

PL1 = 24e3;
QL1 = 18e3;
PL2 = 41e3;
QL2 = 28e3;
PL3 = 50e3;
QL3 = 34e3;
PL4 = 44e3;

G15 = -Gm(1,5);
G12 = -Gm(1,2);
G21 = G12;
G35 = -Gm(3,5);
G45 = -Gm(4,5);
G51 = G15;
G53 = G35;
G56 = -Gm(5,6);
G65 = G56;

B15 = -Bm(1,5);
B12 = -Bm(1,2);
B21 = B12;
B35 = -Bm(3,5);
B45 = -Bm(4,5);
B51 = B15;
B53 = B35;
B56 = -Bm(5,6);
B65 = B56;

cos15 = cos(0-Zangle(Z15));
sin15 = sin(0-Zangle(Z15));
cos12 = cos(0-Zangle(Z12));
sin12 = sin(0-Zangle(Z12));
cos35 = cos(Pangle(50e3,34e3)-Zangle(Z35));
sin35 = sin(Pangle(50e3,34e3)-Zangle(Z35));
cos45 = cos(Pangle(44e3,0)-Zangle(Z45));
sin45 = sin(Pangle(44e3,0)-Zangle(Z45));
cos51 = cos(Zangle(Z15));
sin51 = sin(Zangle(Z15));
cos53 = -cos35;
sin53 = -sin35;
cos54 = -cos45;
sin54 = -sin45;
cos65 = cos(0-Zangle(Z6));
sin65 = sin(0-Zangle(Z6));
cos56 = -cos65;
sin56 = -sin65;

V1 = 600;
V2 = 600;
V3 = 600;
V4 = 230;
V5 = 230;
V6 = 230;

display(x(1));

eq1 = V1*(V5* (G15*cos15+w*B15*sin15) +V2* (G15*cos12+w*B15*sin12) )+PL1;
eq2 = V2*(V1* (G21*cos12+w*B21*sin12)) +PL2;
eq3 = V3*(V5* (G35*cos12+w*B35*sin35)) +PL3;
eq4 = V5*(V1* (G15*cos51+w*B15*sin51) + V3* (G35*cos53+w*B35*sin53)+V4* (G45*sin54+w*B45*cos54) +V6* (G56*sin56+w*B56*cos56));
eq5 = V6*(V5* (G65*cos65+w*B65*sin65));

%ceq=[-x(1)+eq1;
%    -x(2)+eq2;
%    -x(3)+eq3;
%    -x(5)+eq4;
%    -x(4)+eq5;
%];

    ceq=[-x(1)+V1*(V5* (G15*cos15+w*B15*sin15) +V2* (G15*cos12+w*B15*sin12) )+PL1;
     -x(2)+V2*(V1* (G21*cos12+w*B21*sin12)) +PL2;    
     -x(3)+V3*(V5* (G35*cos12+w*B35*sin35)) +PL3;
     -x(5)+V5*(V1* (G15*cos51+w*B15*sin51) + V3* (G35*cos53+w*B35*sin53)+V4* (G45*sin54+w*B45*cos54) +V6* (G56*sin56+w*B56*cos56));  
     -x(4)+V6*(V5* (G65*cos65+w*B65*sin65));  
     ];
    c=[];
end

Answer 1

[Matt J]

However, as i searched, it seems appear for error in matrix calculation. there really isnt matrix calcualtion in my codes

Certainly you do. When you create the matrix Ym, that is a matrix operation. So is the creation of ceq. In any case, you don't seem to be using Matlab's debugging tools to trap the error, so you should do that.

[Matt J]

It appears that you want to have

   ceq=[-x(1)+V1*(V5* (G15*cos15+w*B15*sin15)+V2*(G15*cos12+w*B15*sin12) )+PL1;
     -x(2)+V2*(V1*(G21*cos12+w*B21*sin12))+PL2;    
     -x(3)+V3*(V5*(G35*cos12+w*B35*sin35))+PL3;
     -x(5)+V5*(V1*(G15*cos51+w*B15*sin51)+V3*(G35*cos53+w*B35*sin53)+V4*(G45*sin54+w*B45*cos54)+V6* (G56*sin56+w*B56*cos56));  
     -x(4)+V6*(V5*(G65*cos65+w*B65*sin65));  
     ];

however, this leads to complex-valued output, so you still have a problem,

>> [c,ceq]=nonlcon(x0)

0

c =

[]

ceq =

1.0e+08 *

6.5993 + 4.8771i

2.6097 + 0.0000i

0.0006 + 0.0228i

-2.3747 - 4.8993i

0.0000 + 3.3332i

[TSAM KIT CHAN]

Thanks, your anwser helps me a lot. i just know you can do that in matlab