ParallelAssembly (Generated Block)
Description
The ParallelAssembly block represents a custom generated system model of a battery
parallel assembly. You can create this Simscape™ block by using the buildBattery
function with a ParallelAssembly
object as an input argument. The ParallelAssembly generated block is inside the Simulink
library that you specify in the LibraryName
argument of the
buildBattery
function.
Note
To allow for structural changes and further customization, when you add the ParallelAssembly (Generated Block) masked library block from the parent library to a Simulink® model, the linked block does not contain the link or path to the parent library block. If you modify any of the battery structural properties, such as NumSeriesAssemblies
or NumParallelCells
, you must rebuild the original parent library and copy the block in your model again.
For more information about parent and linked blocks, see Linked Blocks.
Variables
To set the priority and initial target values for the block variables prior to simulation, use the Initial Targets section in the block dialog box or Property Inspector. For more information, see Set Priority and Initial Target for Block Variables.
For a detailed list of the variables in the ParallelAssembly block, see the Initial Targets (Variables) section.
Note
The values of variables for cell-level components refer to the value of a single physical cell and not that of a cell model. (since R2023a)
For example, consider a parallel assembly with 10 cells in parallel and a lumped model resolution. The ParallelAssembly generated block exposes the variable v of the cell component as vCell. For a cell with a voltage of 4.2 V, vCell is equal to 4.2 V
. Before R2023a, the generated blocks exposed the cell variables with the suffix CellModel and represented the variables of the entire model they represented. For example, using the previous ParallelAssembly generated block, the block exposed a vCellModel variable with a value equal to 4.2*10 = 42V.
Nominal values provide a way to specify the expected magnitude of a variable in a model. Using system scaling based on nominal values increases the simulation robustness. Nominal values can come from different sources, one of which is the Nominal Values section in the block dialog box or Property Inspector. For more information, see System Scaling by Nominal Values.
Examples
Build Simple Model of Battery Module in MATLAB and Simscape
Create and build a Simscape system model of a battery module with Simscape Battery™.
Build Simple Model of Battery Pack in MATLAB and Simscape
Create and build a Simscape system model of a battery pack with Simscape Battery.
Apply Parameter Variation to Cells in Module
Specify a parameter variation between the individual cell models in a battery block that you generate using Simscape™ Battery™ objects and functions. When you need a high-fidelity model of a battery, to achieve high accuracy, you must consider the deviations between individual cells. This deviation can be random, for example, due to manufacturing tolerances, or specific to individual cells, for example, if the state of health (SOH) varies between cells. The battery blocks that you generate with Simscape Battery support the specification of a variation in the parameters at different design levels.
- Since R2023b
- Open Live Script
Ports
Input
CB — Cell balancing, unitless
physical signal
Cell balancing port, specified as a physical signal.
Dependencies
To enable this port, set the BalancingStrategy
property of
the ParallelAssembly
object to
"Passive"
. Alternatively, set the
BalancingStrategy
property to
"Passive"
inside the parent object of which the
ParallelAssembly
object is a subcomponent.
Output
Note
The output ports of this block depend on the Simscape cell model block you used to create the battery object associated with this block. If the Simscape cell model block has output ports, the Battery Builder forwards these output ports to all the parent generated blocks of which the battery object is a subcomponent.
For example, if you create a custom Simscape cell model block with a Voltage output port and
eventually use it to create this block, then this block has a Voltage
output port. For more information about custom cell model blocks, see the
CellModelBlockPath
property of the CellModelBlock
object.
SOC — State of charge, unitless
physical signal
Since R2024b
State of charge at cell level, specified as a physical signal.
Dependencies
To enable this port, use the Battery (Table-Based) block as the component model
block for the Cell
child object of this block and enable the
SOC port.
Conserving
+ — Positive terminal
electrical
Electrical conserving port associated with the positive terminal of the battery parallel assembly.
- — Negative terminal
electrical
Electrical conserving port associated with the negative terminal of the battery parallel assembly.
AmbH — Ambient thermal port
thermal
Thermal conserving port associated with the ambient thermal path.
Dependencies
To enable this port, set the AmbientThermalPath
property of
the ParallelAssembly
object to
"CellBasedThermalResistance"
. Alternatively, set the
AmbientThermalPath
property to
"CellBasedThermalResistance"
inside the parent object
of which the ParallelAssembly
object is a subcomponent.
ClntH — Coolant thermal port
thermal
Thermal conserving port associated with the coolant thermal path.
Dependencies
To enable this port, set the CoolantThermalPath
property of
the ParallelAssembly
object to
"CellBasedThermalResistance"
. Alternatively, set the
CoolantThermalPath
property to
"CellBasedThermalResistance"
inside the parent object
of which the ParallelAssembly
object is a subcomponent.
Note
If you set the CoolingPlate
property to either
"Top"
or "Bottom"
inside
the ParallelAssembly
object or inside the top-level parent
object of which the ParallelAssembly
object is a subcomponent,
then this port is not enabled.
XminH — Thermal port at Xmin boundary
thermal | N
-by-1
vector | scalar
Since R2024a
Thermal conserving port associated with the minimum X-axis surface boundary,
specified as an N
-by-1
vector or a
scalar.
Dependencies
To enable this port, set the XminThermalNodes
property of
the ParallelAssembly
object to "Scalar"
or "Vectorized"
. Alternatively, set the
XminThermalNodes
property to
"Scalar"
or "Vectorized"
inside the parent Module
object of which the
ParallelAssembly
object is a subcomponent.
XmaxH — Thermal port at Xmax boundary
thermal | N
-by-1
vector | scalar
Since R2024a
Thermal conserving port associated with the maximum X-axis surface boundary,
specified as an N
-by-1
vector or a
scalar.
Dependencies
To enable this port, set the XmaxThermalNodes
property of
the ParallelAssembly
object to "Scalar"
or "Vectorized"
. Alternatively, set the
XmaxThermalNodes
property to
"Scalar"
or "Vectorized"
inside the parent Module
object of which the
ParallelAssembly
object is a subcomponent.
YminH — Thermal port at Ymin boundary
thermal | N
-by-1
vector | scalar
Since R2024a
Thermal conserving port associated with the minimum Y-axis surface boundary,
specified as an N
-by-1
vector or a
scalar.
Dependencies
To enable this port, set the YminThermalNodes
property of
the ParallelAssembly
object to "Scalar"
or "Vectorized"
. Alternatively, set the
YminThermalNodes
property to
"Scalar"
or "Vectorized"
inside the parent Module
object of which the
ParallelAssembly
object is a subcomponent.
YminH — Thermal port at Ymax boundary
thermal | N
-by-1
vector | scalar
Since R2024a
Thermal conserving port associated with the maximum Y-axis surface boundary,
specified as an N
-by-1
vector or a
scalar.
Dependencies
To enable this port, set the YmaxThermalNodes
property of
the ParallelAssembly
object to "Scalar"
or "Vectorized"
. Alternatively, set the
YmaxThermalNodes
property to
"Scalar"
or "Vectorized"
inside the parent Module
object of which the
ParallelAssembly
object is a subcomponent.
SP — Thermal port at serpentine boundary
thermal
Since R2024a
Thermal conserving port associated with the serpentine cooling plate boundary.
Dependencies
To enable this port, set the SerpentineCoolingPlate
property of the ParallelAssembly
object to
"SingleSidedAlongStackingAxis"
or
"DoubleSidedAlongStackingAxis"
. Alternatively, set the
SerpentineCoolingPlate
property to
"SingleSidedAlongStackingAxis"
or
"DoubleSidedAlongStackingAxis"
inside the parent
Module
object of which the ParallelAssembly
object is a subcomponent.
ICH — Inter-cell thermal port
thermal
Since R2023a
Thermal conserving port associated with the inter-cell thermal path.
Dependencies
To enable this port, set either the InterCellThermalPath
or
the InterCellRadiativeThermalPath
properties of the
ParallelAssembly
object to
"on"
.
CPT — Cooling plate top port
thermal array-of-nodes
Thermal conserving port used to connect the top side of the module with a cooling
plate. The size of this port depends on the number of models in the system. If you set
the ModelResolution
property to
“Lumped”
, this port outputs a scalar. If you set the
ModelResolution
property to
“Detailed”
, this port outputs a vector of size equal to
the number of cells in the system. If you set the ModelResolution
property to “Grouped”
, this port outputs a vector of size
depending on the grouping strategy.
Dependencies
To enable this port, set the CoolingPlate
property of the
ParallelAssembly
object to "Top"
.
Alternatively, set the CoolingPlate
property to
"Top"
inside the parent object of which the
ParallelAssembly
object is a subcomponent.
CPB — Cooling plate bottom port
thermal array-of-nodes
Thermal conserving port used to connect the bottom side of the module with a
cooling plate. The size of this port depends on the number of models in the system. If
you set the ModelResolution
property to
“Lumped”
, this port outputs a scalar. If you set the
ModelResolution
property to
“Detailed”
, this port outputs a vector of size equal to
the number of cells in the system. If you set the ModelResolution
property to “Grouped”
, this port outputs a vector of size
depending on the grouping strategy.
Dependencies
To enable this port, set the CoolingPlate
property of the
ParallelAssembly
object to "Bottom"
.
Alternatively, set the CoolingPlate
property to
"Bottom"
inside the parent object of which the
ParallelAssembly
object is a subcomponent.
+BUS — Positive terminal bus
electrical array-of-nodes
Since R2024a
Electrical array-of-nodes conserving port associated with the positive terminal of the parallel assembly.
Dependencies
To enable this port, set the BalancingStrategy
property of
the ParallelAssembly
object to
"External"
. Alternatively, set the
BalancingStrategy
property to
"External"
inside any of the parent battery objects of
which the ParallelAssembly
object is a subcomponent.
-BUS — Negative terminal bus
electrical array-of-nodes
Since R2024a
Electrical array-of-nodes conserving port associated with the positive terminal of the parallel assembly.
Dependencies
To enable this port, set the BalancingStrategy
property of
the ParallelAssembly
object to
"External"
. Alternatively, set the
BalancingStrategy
property to
"External"
inside any of the parent battery objects of
which the ParallelAssembly
object is a subcomponent.
Parameters
Note
The names of these parameters and variables depend on the block you have specified in
the CellModelOptions
property of the underlying Cell
object that constitutes this parallel assembly.
The names of the parameters and variables in this page refer to a Cell
object with the Battery
(Table-Based) block as the cell component model block. If you specify a
custom block for the cell component model, the names of the parameters and variables might
differ.
The parameters of this block need to be set for the cell-level and depend on how you
define the ParallelAssembly
object that you use to generate this custom model. The block parameters are divided into these sections:
Main
Dynamics
Fade
Calendar Aging
Thermal
Cell Balancing
The visibility of each section also depends on the generating
ParallelAssembly
object.
For a list of the parameters in the Main, Dynamics, Fade, and Calendar Aging sections, see the documentation page of the Battery (Table-Based) block.
If, in the ParallelAssembly
object that you use to generate this custom model, you set the
CellParameterDeviation
property to
"PercentDeviation"
, each cell parameter (that is not an
enumeration or a boolean) has an associated Percent deviation
parameter:
Percent deviation for k — Percent deviation for specific cell parameter
vector of scalars | matrix
Since R2023b
Percent deviation of the value of the corresponding cell parameter k for each cell model in the battery. k is the name of the cell parameter associated with this percent deviation.
The number of parameters of this type is equal to the number of cell parameters in this block. Parameters of type enumeration and boolean do not have an associated Percent deviation parameter.
The value of the corresponding cell parameter with the deviation applied is equal to:
For this parameter, you can specify either:
A vector, with one element for each cell model in the battery. These elements are concatenated vertically. For example, for a
Module
object with two parallel assemblies, three cells, and theModelResolution
property set to"Detailed"
, this vector requires six elements.A matrix, where each element of the matrix is either a scalar or a matrix of the same size of the underlying associated cell parameter. The parameter deviation elements are concatenated vertically. For example, if a cell parameter has a size of
[2,7]
and a detailed parallel assembly comprises two cells, then the size of the Percent Deviation for this parameter is equal to[4,7]
.
For more information about cell-to-cell parameter variation, see the Apply Temperature-Dependent Cell Parameter Variation in Battery Module example.
Dependencies
To enable this parameter, set the CellParameterDeviation
property of the ParallelAssembly
object to
"PercentDeviation"
.
Thermal
Thermal mass — Thermal mass at cell level
100
J/K
(default) | positive scalar
Thermal inertia of a single battery cell. This value represents the energy required to raise the temperature of the thermal port by one degree.
The ParallelAssembly block automatically scales this value up to the system level.
Cell level coolant thermal path resistance — Coolant thermal path resistance at cell level
1.2
K/W
(default) | positive scalar | row vector of positive scalars
Resistance of the coolant thermal path at the cell level.
Dependencies
To enable this parameter, set the CoolantThermalPath
property of the ParallelAssembly
object to
"CellBasedThermalResistance"
. Alternatively, set the
CoolantThermalPath
property to
"CellBasedThermalResistance"
inside the parent object
of which the ParallelAssembly
object is a subcomponent.
Cell level ambient thermal path resistance — Ambient thermal path resistance at cell level
25
K/W
(default) | positive scalar | row vector of positive scalars
Resistance of the ambient thermal path at the cell level. The size of this parameter is equal to the total number of electrical models in the system.
Dependencies
To enable this parameter, set the CoolantThermalPath
property of the ParallelAssembly
object to
"CellBasedThermalResistance"
. Alternatively, set the
CoolantThermalPath
property to
"CellBasedThermalResistance"
inside the parent object
of which the ParallelAssembly
object is a subcomponent.
Inter-cell thermal path resistance — Thermal path resistance between cells
1
K/W
(default) | scalar | row vector of scalars
Since R2023a
Resistance of the thermal path between the cells inside the parallel assembly. The size of this parameter must be equal to the number of inter-cell thermal connections that this block models.
Dependencies
To enable this parameter, set the InterCellThermalPath
property of the ParallelAssembly
object to
"On"
. Alternatively, set the
InterCellThermalPath
property to
"On"
inside the parent object of which the
ParallelAssembly
object is a subcomponent.
Inter-cell radiation heat transfer area — Area of radiation heat transfer between cells
1e-3
m^2
(default) | scalar | row vector of scalars
Since R2023a
Area of the radiation heat transfer between the cells inside the parallel assembly. The size of this parameter must be equal to the number of inter-cell thermal connections that this block models.
Dependencies
To enable this parameter, set the
InterCellRadiativeThermalPath
property of the
ParallelAssembly
object to "On"
.
Alternatively, set the InterCellRadiativeThermalPath
property
to "On"
inside the parent object of which the
ParallelAssembly
object is a subcomponent.
Inter-cell radiation heat transfer coefficient — Coefficient of radiation heat transfer between cells
1e-6
W/(K^4*m^2)
(default) | scalar | row vector of scalars
Since R2023a
Coefficient of the radiation heat transfer between the cells inside the parallel assembly. The size of this parameter must be equal to the number of inter-cell thermal connections that this block models.
Dependencies
To enable this parameter, set the
InterCellRadiativeThermalPath
property of the
ParallelAssembly
object to "On"
.
Alternatively, set the InterCellRadiativeThermalPath
property
to "On"
inside the parent object of which the
ParallelAssembly
object is a subcomponent.
Cell-level thermal path resistance at Xmin boundary — Thermal path resistance of cells at Xmin boundary
25
K/W
(default) | positive scalar | row vector of positive scalars
Since R2024a
Resistance of the thermal path at the cell level at the minimum X-axis boundary. The size of this parameter is equal to the total number of Xmin thermal connections that the block models.
Dependencies
To enable this port, set the XminThermalNodes
property of
the ParallelAssembly
object to "Scalar"
or "Vectorized"
. Alternatively, set the
XminThermalNodes
property to
"Scalar"
or "Vectorized"
inside the parent Module
object of which the
ParallelAssembly
object is a subcomponent.
Cell-level thermal path resistance at Xmax boundary — Thermal path resistance of cells at Xmax boundary
25
K/W
(default) | positive scalar | row vector of positive scalars
Since R2024a
Resistance of the thermal path at the cell level at the maximum X-axis boundary. The size of this parameter is equal to the total number of Xmax thermal connections that the block models.
Dependencies
To enable this port, set the XmaxThermalNodes
property of
the ParallelAssembly
object to "Scalar"
or "Vectorized"
. Alternatively, set the
XmaxThermalNodes
property to
"Scalar"
or "Vectorized"
inside the parent Module
object of which the
ParallelAssembly
object is a subcomponent.
Cell-level thermal path resistance at Ymin boundary — Thermal path resistance of cells at Ymin boundary
25
K/W
(default) | positive scalar | row vector of positive scalars
Since R2024a
Resistance of the thermal path at the cell level at the minimum Y-axis boundary. The size of this parameter is equal to the total number of Ymin thermal connections that the block models.
Dependencies
To enable this port, set the YminThermalNodes
property of
the ParallelAssembly
object to "Scalar"
or "Vectorized"
. Alternatively, set the
YminThermalNodes
property to
"Scalar"
or "Vectorized"
inside the parent Module
object of which the
ParallelAssembly
object is a subcomponent.
Cell-level thermal path resistance at Ymax boundary — Thermal path resistance of cells at Ymax boundary
25
K/W
(default) | positive scalar | row vector of positive scalars
Since R2024a
Resistance of the thermal path at the cell level at the maximum Y-axis boundary. The size of this parameter is equal to the total number of Ymax thermal connections that the block models.
Dependencies
To enable this port, set the YmaxThermalNodes
property of
the ParallelAssembly
object to "Scalar"
or "Vectorized"
. Alternatively, set the
YmaxThermalNodes
property to
"Scalar"
or "Vectorized"
inside the parent Module
object of which the
ParallelAssembly
object is a subcomponent.
Cell-level thermal path resistance at serpentine boundary — Thermal path resistance of cells at serpentine boundary
25
K/W
(default) | positive scalar | row vector of positive scalars
Since R2024a
Resistance of the thermal path at the cell level at the serpentine boundary. The size of this parameter is equal to the total number of serpentine thermal connections that the block models.
Dependencies
To enable this port, set the SerpentineCoolingPlate
property of the ParallelAssembly
object to
"SingleSidedAlongStackingAxis"
or
"DoubleSidedAlongStackingAxis"
. Alternatively, set the
SerpentineCoolingPlate
property to
"SingleSidedAlongStackingAxis"
or
"DoubleSidedAlongStackingAxis"
inside the parent
Module
object of which the ParallelAssembly
object is a subcomponent.
Parallel Assembly
Non-cell electrical resistance — Parallel assembly non-cell resistance
1 / 1000
Ohm
(default) | positive scalar
Non-cell electrical resistance of each parallel assembly in the module.
Dependencies
To enable this parameter, set the NonCellResistance
property of the ParallelAssembly
object to
"On"
. Alternatively, set the
NonCellResistance
property to "On"
inside the parent object of which the ParallelAssembly
object is a
subcomponent.
Cell Balancing
Cell balancing switch closed resistance — Closed resistance of cell balancing switch
0.01
Ohm
(default) | positive scalar
Closed resistance of the cell balancing switch.
Cell balancing switch open conductance — Open conductance of cell balancing switch
1e-8
1/Ohm
(default) | positive scalar
Open conductance of the cell balancing switch.
Cell balancing switch operation threshold — Threshold for cell balancing switch operation
0.5
(default) | positive scalar
Threshold to activate the cell balancing switch operation.
Cell balancing shunt resistance — Resistance of cell balancing shunt
50
Ohm
(default) | positive scalar
Resistance of the cell balancing shunt.
Initial Targets (Variables)
The size of these variables is equal to the total number of electrical models in the
system. For example, in a Module block with 2 parallel assemblies and 2 series cells, the
size of the variables depends on the ModelResolution
property of the
Module
object and is equal to 4
for
Detailed
, 1
for
Lumped
, or 3
when the
SeriesGrouping
property is equal to [1 1]
and the
ParallelGrouping
property is equal to [1
2]
.
Cell current (positive in) — Cell-level current, iCell
0
A
(default) | scalar | vector
Current at the cell level. The size of this variable is equal to the total number of electrical models in the system.
Cell terminal voltage — Cell-level voltages, vCell
0
V
(default) | scalar | vector
Voltages at the cell level. The size of this signal is equal to the total number of electrical models in the system.
Cell state of charge — Cell-level state of charge, socCell
1
(default) | scalar | vector
State of charge at cell level. The value of this variable typically varies between 0 and 1. The size of this signal is equal to the total number of electrical models in the system.
Cell discharge cycles — Cell-level number of cycles, numCyclesCell
0
(default) | scalar | vector
Cell-level number of cycles related to battery aging. The size of this signal is equal to the total number of electrical models in the system.
Cell temperature — Cell-level temperature, temperatureCell
298.15
K
(default) | positive scalar
Temperature at the cell level. The size of this signal is equal to the total number of electrical models in the system.
Parallel Assembly Voltage — Parallel assembly-level voltages, vParallelAssembly
0
V
(default) | scalar | vector
Voltages at the parallel assembly level. The size of this signal is equal to the total number of electrical models in the system.
Parallel Assembly state of charge — State of charge at parallel assembly level, socParallelAssembly
1
(default) | scalar | vector
State of charge at the parallel assembly level. The size of this signal is equal to the total number of electrical models in the system.
Version History
Introduced in R2022bR2024b: Expose the cell-level output ports in parent battery blocks
This block now exposes the same output ports of the cell model block that you specify in
the CellModelBlockPath
property of the CellModelBlock
object associated with this block.
R2024a: Expose electrical array-of-nodes ports for external cell balancing strategy
You can now expose two electrical array-of-nodes ports, +BUS and -BUS, to specify and model an external cell balancing strategy for desktop simulations and hardware-in-the-loop battery emulation hardware. Use this option in conjunction with the Passive Balancing Interface block.
To specify and model an external cell balancing strategy, set the
BalancingStrategy
property to "External"
in the ParallelAssembly
object that you use to generate this custom model.
R2024a: Expose thermal ports for cells at specific surface boundaries
For a more detailed thermal modeling of the battery cells in the battery pack
environment, you can now expose the ports associated with the thermal nodes of the cells
located at the surface boundaries of the parallel assembly. To expose these thermal ports,
specify the XminThermalNodes
, XmaxThermalNodes
,
YminThermalNodes
, and YmaxThermalNodes
properties in the ParallelAssembly
object that you use to generate this custom model.
For parallel assemblies with hexagonal cylindrical cells, you can also enable the heat
transfer between the cells of the parallel assembly and a serpentine cooling plate. To
expose the thermal ports associated with the serpentine cooling plate inside the parallel
assembly, specify the SerpentineCoolingPlate
property.
R2023b: Specify parameter values for each cell model in the system
You can now specify the parameter values for each cell model inside your battery system.
To support specific cell parameterization, you must set the
CellParameterDeviation
property to
"PercentDeviation"
in the ParallelAssembly
object that you use to generate this custom model. This action enables a Percent
deviation parameter for the cell parameters in the generated ParallelAssembly block that specifies the percent deviation of the value
of corresponding cell parameter for each cell model in the battery.
See Also
Apps
Simscape Blocks
- Array of Thermal Nodes Connector | Module (Generated Block) | ModuleAssembly (Generated Block) | Pack (Generated Block)
Objects
Functions
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