# Y-Parameters Mixer

Model mixer and local oscillator using Y-parameters

• Library:
• RF Blockset / Equivalent Baseband / Mixers

## Description

The Y-Parameters Mixer block models the nonlinear mixer described in the block dialog box in terms of its frequency-dependent Y-parameters, the frequencies of the Y-parameters, noise data (including phase noise data), and nonlinearity data.

## Parameters

expand all

### Main

Y-parameters for the nonlinear mixer, specified as a 2-by-2-by-M array where M is the number of Y-parameters.

Frequency of the Y-parameters, specified as an M-element vector with each element unit in hertz. All frequencies must be positive.

Method to interpolate the network parameters, specified as one of the following:

MethodDescription
LinearLinear interpolation
SplineCubic spline interpolation
CubicPiecewise cubic Hermite interpolation

Type of mixer, specified as Downconverter or Upconverter.

Local oscillator frequency, specified as an M-element vector with each element unit in hertz.

• If you choose Mixer Type as Downconverter, then the blockset computes the mixer output frequency, fout, from the mixer input frequency, fin, and the local oscillator frequency, flo, as fout = finflo.

• If you Mixer Type as Upconverter, then fout = fin + flo.

Note

For a downconverting mixer, the local oscillator frequency must satisfy the condition finflo ≥ 1/(2ts), where ts is the sample time specified in the Input Port block. Otherwise, an error appears.

### Noise Data

Phase noise frequency offset, specified as a numeric vector with units in hertz.

Data Types: double

Phase noise level, specified as a numeric vector with units in decibels relative to the carrier per hertz.

Data Types: double

Type of noise data, specified as one of the following:

• Noise figure

• Spot noise data

• Noise factor

• Noise temperature

This parameter is disabled if the data source contains noise data.

Available signal-to-noise ratio at the input to available signal-to-noise ratio at the output, specified as a scalar ratio or a vector of ratios.

#### Dependencies

To enable this parameter, select Noise figure in Noise type.

Minimum ratio of available signal-to-noise ratio at the input to available signal-to-noise ratio at the output, specified as a scalar ratio or a vector of ratios.

#### Dependencies

To enable this parameter, select Spot noise data in Noise type.

Optimal source impedance, specified as a complex scalar or a complex vector.

#### Dependencies

To enable this parameter, select Spot noise data in Noise type.

Normalized resistance values used to take noise measurement, specified as a positive scalar or a positive vector.

#### Dependencies

To enable this parameter, select Spot noise data in Noise type.

Ratio of available signal-to-noise power at the input to available signal-to-noise power at the output, specified as a scalar ratio or a vector of ratios.

#### Dependencies

To enable this parameter, select Noise factor in Noise type.

Equivalent temperature that produces the same amount of noise as the mixer, specified as a nonnegative scalar or nonnegative vector with units in kelvins.

#### Dependencies

To enable this parameter, select Noise temperature in Noise type.

Domain of frequencies to express noise data, specified as a nonnegative scalar in hertz or nonnegative vector with each element unit in hertz. If you provide a scalar value for your noise data, the block ignores the Frequency (Hz) parameter and uses the same noise data for all frequencies. If you provide a vector of values for your noise data, it must be the same size as the vector of frequencies. The block uses the Interpolation method specified in the Main tab to interpolate noise data.

### Nonlinearity Data

Type of third order intercept, specified as OIP3 (output intercept point) or IIP3 (input intercept point). This parameter is disabled if the data source contains power data or IP3 data.

IP3 value, specified as a scalar in dBm for frequency independent nonlinear data or a vector with each element unit in dBm for frequency dependent nonlinear data. This parameter is disabled if the data source contains power data or IP3 data.

Output power value (${P}_{1dB,out}$) at which the gain has decreased by 1 dB, specified as a scalar in dBm for frequency independent nonlinear data or vector with each element unit in dBm for frequency dependent nonlinear data. This parameter is disabled if the data source contains power data or IP3 data.

Output power value (${P}_{sat,out}$) that the mixer produces when fully saturated, specified as a scalar in dBm for frequency independent nonlinear data or a vector with each element unit in dBm for frequency dependent nonlinear data. This parameter is disabled if the data source contains output saturation power data.

Decrease in gain value ($G{C}_{sat}$) when the power is fully saturated, specified as a scalar in dB for frequency independent nonlinear data or a vector with each element unit in dB for frequency dependent nonlinear data.

Frequency points corresponding to third-order intercept or power data, specified as a positive scalar or positive vector in units of hertz. This parameter is disabled if the data source contains power data or IP3 data.

#### Dependencies

• If you specify the frequency as a scalar, then the IP3 (dBm), 1 dB gain compression power (dBm), and Output saturation power (dBm) parameters must all be scalars.

• If you specify the frequency as a vector, then or more of the IP3 (dBm), 1 dB gain compression power (dBm), and Output saturation power (dBm) parameters must also be a vector.

### Visualization

Frequency data source, specified as Same as the Y-Parameters or User-specified.

Frequency data range, specified as a vector with each element unit in hertz.

#### Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Source of frequency data to User specified.

Reference impedance, specified as a nonnegative scalar in ohms.

Type of data plot to visualize using the given data, specified as one of the following:

• X-Y plane — Generate a Cartesian plot of the data versus frequency. To create linear, semilog, or log-log plots, set the Y-axis scale and X-axis scale accordingly.

• Composite data — Plot the composite data. For more information, see Create Plots.

• Polar plane — Generate a polar plot of the data. The block plots only the range of data corresponding to the specified frequencies.

• Z smith chart, Y smith chart, and ZY smith chart — Generate a Smith® chart. The block plots only the range of data corresponding to the specified frequencies.

Type of parameters to plot based on the Plot type you set, specified as one of the following.

Plot typeY parameter1
X-Y planeS11, S12, S21, S22, GroupDelay, OIP3, NF, NFactor, NTemp, and PhaseNoise.
Composite dataNo Y parameter1 to set.
Polar planeS11, S12, S21, and S22
Z Smith chartS11 and S22.
Y Smith chartS11 and S22.
ZY smith chartS11 and S22.

Type of parameters to plot based on the Plot type you set, specified as one of the following.

Plot typeY parameter1
X-Y planeS11, S12, S21, S22, GroupDelay, OIP3, NF, NFactor, NTemp, and PhaseNoise.
Composite dataNo Y parameter1 to set.
Polar planeS11, S12, S21, and S22
Z Smith chartS11 and S22.
Y Smith chartS11 and S22.
ZY smith chartS11 and S22.

Plot format, specified as one of the following.

Y parameter1Y format1
S11, S12, S21, and S22.Magnitude (decibels), Magnitude (linear), Angle(degrees), Angle(radians), Real, and Imaginary.
GroupDelayns, us, ms, s, and ps.
OIP3dB, dBm, W, and mW.
NFMagnitude (decibels)
NFactorNone
NTempKelvin
PhaseNoisedBc/Hz

#### Dependencies

To enable Y format1, set Plot type to X-Y plane.

Plot format, specified as one of the following.

Y parameter1Y format1
S11, S12, S21, and S22.Magnitude (decibels), Magnitude (linear), Angle(degrees), Angle(radians), Real, and Imaginary.
GroupDelayns, us, ms, s, and ps.
OIP3dB, dBm, W, and mW.
NFMagnitude (decibels)
NFactorNone
NTempKelvin
PhaseNoisedBc/Hz

#### Dependencies

To enable Y format1, set Plot type to X-Y plane.

Frequency plot, specified as Freq.

Frequency plot format, specified as one of the following.

 Auto Hz kHz MHz GHz THz

Y-axis scale, specified as Linear or Log.

#### Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Plot type to X-Y plane.

X-axis scale, specified as Linear or Log.

#### Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Plot type to X-Y plane.

Plot specified data using the plot button.