# Write Simple Test Case Using Classes

You can test your MATLAB® program by defining unit tests within a test class that inherits from the `matlab.unittest.TestCase` class. A unit test in a class-based test is a method that determines the correctness of a unit of software. It is defined within a `methods` block with the `Test` attribute and can use qualifications for testing values and responding to failures. For more information about class-based tests, see Author Class-Based Unit Tests in MATLAB.

This example shows how to write class-based unit tests to qualify the correctness of a function defined in a file in your current folder. The `quadraticSolver` function takes as inputs the coefficients of a quadratic polynomial and returns the roots of that polynomial. If the coefficients are specified as nonnumeric values, the function throws an error.

```function roots = quadraticSolver(a,b,c) % quadraticSolver returns solutions to the % quadratic equation a*x^2 + b*x + c = 0. if ~isa(a,'numeric') || ~isa(b,'numeric') || ~isa(c,'numeric') error('quadraticSolver:InputMustBeNumeric', ... 'Coefficients must be numeric.'); end roots(1) = (-b + sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)) / (2*a); roots(2) = (-b - sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)) / (2*a); end ```

### Create SolverTest Class

In a file in your current folder, create the `SolverTest` class by subclassing the `matlab.unittest.TestCase` class. This class provides a place for tests for the `quadraticSolver` function. Add three unit tests inside a `methods` block with the `Test` attribute. These test the `quadraticSolver` function against real solutions, imaginary solutions, and error conditions. Each `Test` method must accept a `TestCase` instance as an input. The order of the tests within the block does not matter.

First, create a `Test` method `realSolution` to verify that `quadraticSolver` returns the correct real solutions for specific coefficients. For example, the equation ${x}^{2}-3x+2=0$ has real solutions $x=1$ and $x=2$. The method calls `quadraticSolver` with the coefficients of this equation. Then, it uses the `verifyEqual` method of `matlab.unittest.TestCase` to compare the actual output `actSolution` to the expected output `expSolution`.

```classdef SolverTest < matlab.unittest.TestCase methods(Test) function realSolution(testCase) actSolution = quadraticSolver(1,-3,2); expSolution = [2 1]; testCase.verifyEqual(actSolution,expSolution) end end end ```

Create a second `Test` method `imaginarySolution` to verify that `quadraticSolver` returns the correct imaginary solutions for specific coefficients. For example, the equation ${x}^{2}+2x+10=0$ has imaginary solutions $x=-1+3i$ and $x=-1-3i$. Just like the previous method, this method calls `quadraticSolver` with the coefficients of this equation, and then uses the `verifyEqual` method to compare the actual output `actSolution` to the expected output `expSolution`.

```classdef SolverTest < matlab.unittest.TestCase methods(Test) function realSolution(testCase) actSolution = quadraticSolver(1,-3,2); expSolution = [2 1]; testCase.verifyEqual(actSolution,expSolution) end function imaginarySolution(testCase) actSolution = quadraticSolver(1,2,10); expSolution = [-1+3i -1-3i]; testCase.verifyEqual(actSolution,expSolution) end end end ```

Finally, add a `Test` method `nonnumericInput` to verify that `quadraticSolver` produces an error for nonnumeric coefficients. Use the `verifyError` method of `matlab.unittest.TestCase` to test that the function throws the error specified by `'quadraticSolver:InputMustBeNumeric'` when it is called with inputs `1`, `'-3'`, and `2`.

```classdef SolverTest < matlab.unittest.TestCase methods(Test) function realSolution(testCase) actSolution = quadraticSolver(1,-3,2); expSolution = [2 1]; testCase.verifyEqual(actSolution,expSolution) end function imaginarySolution(testCase) actSolution = quadraticSolver(1,2,10); expSolution = [-1+3i -1-3i]; testCase.verifyEqual(actSolution,expSolution) end function nonnumericInput(testCase) testCase.verifyError(@()quadraticSolver(1,'-3',2), ... 'quadraticSolver:InputMustBeNumeric') end end end ```

### Run Tests in SolverTest Class

To run all of the tests in the `SolverTest` class, create a `TestCase` object from the class and then call the `run` method on the object. In this example, all three tests pass.

```testCase = SolverTest; results = testCase.run```
```Running SolverTest ... Done SolverTest __________ ```
```results = 1×3 TestResult array with properties: Name Passed Failed Incomplete Duration Details Totals: 3 Passed, 0 Failed, 0 Incomplete. 1.2373 seconds testing time. ```

You also can run a single test specified by one of the `Test` methods. To run a specific `Test` method, pass the name of the method to `run`. For example, run the `realSolution` method.

`result = run(testCase,'realSolution')`
```Running SolverTest . Done SolverTest __________ ```
```result = TestResult with properties: Name: 'SolverTest/realSolution' Passed: 1 Failed: 0 Incomplete: 0 Duration: 0.0082 Details: [1×1 struct] Totals: 1 Passed, 0 Failed, 0 Incomplete. 0.0081829 seconds testing time. ```