RESPIRATION RATE AND HEART RATE DETECTION

Real-time(phonocardiograph) plot which displays data from an electronic stethoscope via the COM port.

Respiration rate and heart rate detection are vital parameters in monitoring an individual's health. Respiration rate refers to the number of breaths taken per minute, reflecting the efficiency of oxygen exchange in the lungs. It's a crucial indicator of respiratory health, cardiac function, and overall well-being. On the other hand, heart rate, measured in beats per minute, indicates the frequency of heart contractions, reflecting cardiovascular health and exertion levels.

Detection methods vary, from traditional manual counting to modern technologies like wearable sensors and medical devices. These technologies utilize various principles such as photoplethysmography (PPG), which measures blood volume changes, and accelerometers to detect movement associated with breathing and heartbeats. Accurate detection and monitoring of these rates aid in diagnosing respiratory and cardiovascular disorders, assessing fitness levels, and guiding medical interventions. They play a pivotal role in preventive healthcare, enabling timely intervention and improving quality of life.

 a = arduino('COM4','Due');
 y=0;
 hPlot = plot(NaN);
 intervalSize = 200;
 currentInterval = 200;
 t = 1; % number of samples
 atInterval = 1;
 beat_count = 0;

 quitbutton = uicontrol('style','pushbutton',...
   'string','Quit', ...
   'fontsize',12, ...
   'position',[10,2,50,20], ...
   'callback','quitit=1;close');
quitit = 0;
bpmtext = uicontrol('style', 'text',...
    'string', ['BPM: '],...
    'fontsize', 12,...
    'position', [80, 2, 100, 20]);

 while(1)
    k = 1;
    while(t<currentInterval)
        b=readVoltage(a, 'A0');
        y=[y,b];
        if ishandle(hPlot)
            set(hPlot, 'YData', y);
        else
            break;  % break out of the loop
        end
        xlabel('Samples')
        ylabel('Voltage')
        title('Phonocardiogram')
        axis([currentInterval - intervalSize,currentInterval,0,3]);
        %grid
        t=t+k;
        pause(0.002)
    end
    for m = 2 : length(b)-1
    if(b(m) > b(m-1) & b(m) > b(m+1) & b(m) > 2.4)
        %disp('Prominant peak found');
        beat_count = beat_count + 1;
    set(bpmtext, 'string', ['BPM: ',...
                            num2str(BPM_avg,4)]);
end
    end
   currentInterval = currentInterval + intervalSize;
   atInterval = atInterval + 1;
   if ~ishandle(hPlot)
       break;
   end
fs = 500;
N = length(b);
duration_in_seconds = N/fs;
duration_in_minutes = duration_in_seconds/60;
BPM_avg = beat_count/duration_in_minutes;

 end